νεφρ-ίτης σφόνδυλος

Grammatical information: m. pl.,

Meaning: `kidneys' (IA.),

Other forms: also du. νεφρώ (Ar. Ra. 475), rarely sg. νεφρός.

Compounds: As 2. member in περί-νεφρος `fat around the kidneys' (Arist.).

Derivatives: νεφρία n. pl. `id.' (pap. II--III<sup>p</sup>); νεφρ-ίτης σφόνδυλος `first vertebra of the sacrum' (Poll.; Redard 101), - ῖτις ( νόσος) f. `disease of the kinneys' (Hp., Th.) with - ιτικός `suffering of νεφρῖτις, healing the ν.' (medic.); νεφρ-ώδης `kidney-like' (Arist.), - ιαῖος `belonging to the kidneys' (Dsc.; Chantraine Form. 49); hypostasis ἐπινεφρ-ίδιος `on the kidneys' ( δημός, Φ 204).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [not in Pok. (cf. 319)] * negʷʰro- `kidney'.

Etymology: With νεφροί belong in the first place the glosses given by Festus nefrōnēs (Praeneste), nebrundinēs (Lanuvium) `kidneys'. With the reconstructed IE -bh the Germ. word for `kidney', OHG nioro, MEngl. nēre (also kid-nēre \> kidney), OSwed. niūre etc., which requires an older *neu̯ran-, cannot be combined. Only if Germ. -u̯- can stand for a labiovelar (PGm. -ʒu̯-), it becomes possible, to connect the graecoital. forms under IE * negʷhro-. -- Both ἀδήν, inguen and Lat. rēnēs and OIr. āru `kidney' remain separated. -- Details in WP. 1, 133, Pok. 319, W.-Hofmann s. nefrōnēs.

Page in Frisk: 2,

νεφρ-ίτης [pron. full] [ῑ], ὁ, fem. [full] νεφρῖτις, ἡ,

A = νεφριαῖος, σφόνδυλος, i.e. the first vertebra of the sacrum, Poll.2.179;

νόσον νεφρῖτιν Th.7.15

;

φθίσις ν. Hp.Int.15

: also as Subst. νεφρῖτις (sc. νόσος), ἡ, Id.Coac. 502: in pl., Id.Aph.3.31, Dsc.1.14.